Accutane (isotretinoin) is a prescription medication used to treat severe or treatment-resistant acne, particularly nodular or cystic acne that does not respond to other therapies. It is derived from vitamin A and works by reducing the size and activity of sebaceous (oil) glands, lowering inflammation, and preventing clogged pores.
How It’s Used
Isotretinoin is typically taken orally for 4–6 months, under close medical supervision. Many patients experience long-term or permanent improvement in their acne following a single course of treatment. However, some may require a second round.
Common Side Effects
While highly effective, Accutane is associated with a number of side effects, including:
- Dry skin and lips
- Nosebleeds
- Joint or muscle pain
- Increased sensitivity to sunlight
- Elevated cholesterol or liver enzymes (monitored through regular blood tests)
Special Considerations
Accutane can cause serious birth defects if taken during pregnancy. For this reason, patients assigned female at birth must adhere to the iPLEDGE program, which includes routine pregnancy testing and the use of two forms of contraception.
Mood changes, including depression or anxiety, have also been reported, though the connection remains debated. Patients should report any concerning psychological symptoms to their healthcare provider immediately.